Ai-yotsu = Same grip used by both persons, either right or left
Ashi = Foot, leg
Ashi Waza = Foot techniques
Atemi Waza = Striking techniques
Ayumi Ashi = Ordinary pattern of walking
Batsugun = Instant promotion
Budo = Martial ways
Bujutsu = Martial arts
Bushido = Way of the warrior
Dan = Black belt rank
Debana = Instant of opportunity to break balance as opponent initiates a motion
Dojo = School or training hall for studying the way
Eri = Collar, lapel
Fudoshin = Immovable spirit
Fusegi = Escapes
Fusen Gachi = Win by default
Goshin Jutsu = Art of self defense
Hajime = Begin
Hando no Kuzushi = Unbalancing by reaction
Hansoku-make = Most serious penalty, disqualification
Hantei = Referee call for judge’s decision
Happo no Kuzushi = Break Balance in 8 directions
Hara = Stomach
Hidari = Left
Hiji = Elbow
Hiki-wake = No decision–tie or draw
Hikite = Pulling hand — usually the hand gripping a sleeve
Hiza = Knee
Ippon = Victory in one move, one point
Jigotai = Defensive posture
Jikan = Referee call to stop the clock
Jita Kyoei = Principle of mutual prosperity
Joseki = Place of honor, upper seat
Judo = Gentle or flexible way
Judo Ichidai = A Judo life–Spending one’s life in the diligent pursuit of Judo
Judogi = Judo practice uniform
Judoka = One who studies Judo
Ju no Kata = Forms of gentleness
Ju no Ri = Principle of flexibility or yielding
Jujutsu = Gentle art
Kaeshi Waza = Counter techniques
Kake = Completion or execution of technique
Kansetsu Waza = Joint locking techniques
Kappo = Resuscitation techniques
Kata = Forms
Kata = Shoulder
Katame no kata = Forms of grappling
Katsu = Resuscitation
Kenka Yotsu = Opposite grips used by each person, one right/one left
Kiai = To gather spirit with a shout
Kime no Kata = Forms of decision
Kinshi Waza = Techniques prohibited in competition
Ki o tsuke = Attention
Kodansha = High ranking judoka — 5th dan and above
Kodokan = Judo institute in Tokyo where Judo was founded
Kogeki Seyo = Order for judoka to attack
Koka = Score less than a yuko
Koshi = Hip
Koshi Waza = Hip techniques
Kubi = Neck
Kumikata = Gripping methods
Kuzure = Modified hold
Kuzushi = Unbalancing the opponent
Kyoshi = Instructor
Kyu = Student rank
Maai = Space or engagement distance
Mae = Forward, front
Mae Sabaki = Frontal escape
Mae Ukemi = Falling forward
Masutemi Waza = Back sacrifice throws
Mate = Stop (wait)
Migi = Right
Mudansha = Students below black belt rank
Mune = Chest
Nage = Throw
Nage no Kata = Forms of throwing
Nagekomi = Repetitive throwing practice
Nage Waza = Throwing techniques
Ne Waza = Techniques on the ground
Obi = Judo belt
Okuden = Secret teachings
Osaekomi = Pin, referee call to begin timing
Osaekomi Waza = Pinning techniques
Osaekomi Toketa = Escape, stop timing of hold
Randori = Free practice
Randori no Kata = Forms of free practice techniques
Randori Waza = Techniques for free practice
Rei = Bow
Reiho = Forms of respect, manners, etiquette
Renraku Waza = Combination techniques
Ritsurei = Standing bow
Seika Tanden = A point in the abdomen that is the center of gravity
Seiryoku Zenyo = Principle of maximum efficiency
Seiza = Formal kneeling posture
Sen = Attack initiative
Sensei = Teacher, instructor
Shiai = Contest
Shiaijo = Competition area
Shido = Penalty, equal to koka score
Shihan = Title for a model teacher or “teacher who sets the standard” (i.e. Kano-shihan)
Shime Waza = Choking techniques
Shinpan = Referee
Shintai = Moving forwards, sideways & backwards
Shisei = Posture
Shizentai = Natural posture
Shomen Dojo = front
Sode = Sleeve
Soke = Founder of a martial art or ryu
Sono Mama = Stop action; command to freeze
Sore Made = Finished, time is up
Sute Geiko = Randori throwing practice against a higher level judoka
Sutemi Waza = Sacrifice techniques
Tachi Waza = Standing techniques
Tai Sabaki = Body control, turning
Tatami = Mat
Te = Hand, arm
Te Waza = Hand techniques
Tekubi= Wrist
Tokui Waza = Favorite or best technique
Tori = Person performing a technique
Tsugi Ashi = Walking by bringing one foot up to another
Tsukuri = Entry into a technique, positioning
Tsurite = Lifting hand
Uchikomi = Repeated practice without completion
Ude = Arm
Uke = Person receiving the technique
Ukemi = Breakfall techniques
Ushiro = Backward, rear
Ushiro Sabaki = Back movement control
Ushiro Ukemi = Falling backward
Waki = Armpit
Waza = Technique
Waza Ari = Near ippon or half point
Waza ari Awasete Ippon = Two waza-ari together for ippon
Yakusoku Geiko (or renshu) = Pre-arranged free practice
Yoko = Side
Yoko Kaiten Ukemi = Sideways rolling break fall
Yoko Sutemi Waza = Side sacrifice throws
Yoko Ukemi = Falling sideways
Yoshi = Resume action, continue
Yubi = Finger
Yudansha = Person who earned the black belt
Yudanshakai = Black belt association
Yuko = Score less than a waza-ari
Yusei Gachi = Win by judge’s decision
Zanshin = Awareness
Zarei = Kneeling salutation
Zenpo Kaiten Ukemi = Forward rolling break fall
Zubon = Pants
